REPS Pre-Workout Dirnk Introductory Price of $9.99 by Supplement Direct

[REPS]

REPS is a innovative pre-workout formula designed to increase performance and work capacity while in the gym, on the field and during periods of sporting competition. REPS works on many different levels within the body, in order to improve work capacity and performance. REPS combines the following ingredients into a powerful and efficient pre-workout intensifier.

An individual who weighs between 201-250 pounds would consume 5 rounded scoops which would result in the following quantity of ingredients being ingested:

Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate.......... 1.5 grams
Creatine Monohydrate................... 4.0 grams
L-Citrulline Malate........................ 3.0 grams
Beta Alanine............................... 3.0 grams
Caffeine..................................... 200 milligrams (OR CAFFEINE FREE)
Taurine...................................... 4.0 grams
Ribose....................................... 3.0 grams
__________________________________________________ ________
Total......................................... 18.70 grams of active ingredients

The product is currently available online and at all Supplement Direct locations as well as Bodybuilding.com

If you are interested in REPS please click on the following link or contact Bodybuilding.com at 1-877-991-3411:
Bodybuilding.com - Supplement Direct Reps - Pre-Workout Intensifier! On sale now!


There are currently five versions available:

- ELECTRIC LEMONADE (Caffeinated)

-BLAAZN BLUUBERRY (Caffeinated)

-WILD WATERMELON (Caffeinated)

-GRAPELICIOUS (Caffeine Free)

-WILD WATERMELON (Caffeine Free)



Supplement Direct felt that it was necessary to offer a Caffeine free pre-workout formula for the following reasons:

-Some individuals train later in the evening or at night and need a caffeine free product.
-Some individuals are currently taking some form of fat burner and do not wish to consume added caffeine.
-Some individuals have allergic reactions to caffeine and or similar stimulants.
-Many customers are disappointed with the current Pre-Workout formulas available and feel that many are just flavored caffeine water. Supplement Direct decided that in the interests of the consumer, it is imperative that they are able to try the formula with out caffeine, in order to truly feel the power of the other 6 ingredients.

If you have any questions regarding the product please post them hear or you can reach Supplement Direct at the following information:

Supplement Direct
3971 SOUTH HIGUERA #130
San Luis Obispo, CA 93405
Tech Info: 1-805-546-1089

For common questions reguarding REPS please click hear:
REPS Introductory Price of $9.99 by Supplement Direct - Bodybuilding.com Forums

Not only does Supplement Direct tests each and every batch of raw material, but they also freely give the laboratories information and copies of the Independent Third Party Lab Assays. Supplement Direct uses the following labs:

San Rafael Chemical Services

2180 E. 4500 S. #125

Salt Lake City, UT. 84117

801-277-8228

Advanced Botanical Consulting & Testing, INC.

1169 Warner Ave.

Tustin, CA 92780

714-259-0384

Attached are the Independent Lab Assays on each of the active ingredients in REPS. To view the pdf files below, you will need to download Acrobat Reader by clicking here:

Adobe - Adobe Reader Download - All versions

Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate: http://www.supplementdirect.com/reco...007R_709061-1A[1](092807234455).pdf

Creatine Monohydrate: http://www.supplementdirect.com/reco...808182834).pdf

L-Citrulline Malate: http://www.supplementdirect.com/reco...007212302).pdf

Beta Alanine: http://www.supplementdirect.com/reco...708235132).pdf

Caffeine: http://www.supplementdirect.com/reco...708235151).pdf

Taurine: http://www.supplementdirect.com/reco...508121542).pdf

Ribose: http://www.supplementdirect.com/reco...907041036).pdf

[wala]

Looks good! This basically has a little of virtually all good pre workout ingredients.

[Big Guns]

I am glad to see a Caffine free version. Nitrobolic Extreme is great early in the day, but not after 5pm for me. People think that they "feel" the product working when it's usually a stimulant buzz!
I may give this a shot soon.

[REPS]

The goal of every hard training individual is to break down the maximum amount of muscle while training in the gym, or on the field. You do not grow muscle when you train! Instead you grow muscle while you sleep through the body using protein, carbohydrates, fat and hormones to replenish and repair muscle tissue. The sole goal of training in the gym is to break down the muscle fibers further by constantly making small continual progress. Progress in the gym is usually measured in the following ways: adding more reps, sets and or weight on the bar. In fact the mathematical equation for size is as follows:


Hypertrophy=(Load)(Time Under Tension)(Volume)


What the equation means is that hypertrophy or size is determined by the load or the amount of weight on the bar multiplied by the time under tension or the number of reps you do, followed by the volume or total number of sets you perform. REPS works by increasing your ability to make continual progress on each of the three pathways mentioned above which will allow you the ability to add more muscular size.


Creatine Monohydrate and Ribose work synergistically in a very powerful role. Together they help increase the muscle fuel called ATP or adenosine triphosphate. ATP is the primary energy-producing molecule for short bursts of energy or vigorous muscle contraction. Lifting heavy weights, sprinting for short burst and any form of sparing all use ATP for the muscle?s primary energy source. Unfortunately, as you are exercising, ATP releases its energy at the time of contraction and it breaks apart, loses a phosphate atom, and forms adenosine diphosphate (ADP). The body only maintains a small supply of ATP which is sufficient to last a few seconds. This is why it is paramount to supplement with Creatine and Ribose. Oral supplementation of Ribose has shown to increase athletic performance in young male recreational bodybuilders. In one study the group that received Ribose had significant increases in muscular strength and total work performance after four weeks, compared with pre-treatment levels. No changes were noted in those using a placebo. (15) In 1998, a study conducted showed that creatine can increase both strength and endurance in athletes. Creatine was given to 25 football players who had reached a plateau while undergoing a difficult weight-training program. After 28 days of supplementation with creatine, researchers measured a 41 percent increase in "total lifting volume" (sum of all lifts). (11) Have you ever reached a training plateau and wanted to break through it? Supplementation with Creatine and Ribose just might be the ticket for you. One year later, another study which lasted 35 days showed that 42 football players had improvement in both strength and mass. (7) Creatine and Ribose do not only work for men, as a study of 29 women who took supplemental creatine for ten weeks also made improvements in strength and muscle mass. (16) Some researchers have shown strength gains with as little as five to seven days of supplementation. (14),(17) Creatine supplementation is also beneficial to older weightlifters and athletes. In a double blind study conducted at the University of Saskatchewan, found that creatine supplementation in conjunction with a weight training program demonstrated a significant advantage of creatine over placebo in terms of increased lean body mass, reduction in body fat, and increased muscular strength, and endurance in men over the age of 70. (5) Overall creatine and ribose supplementation enhance muscular function and size along with cardiovascular, and neurological function. (8) (18)


Beta-Alanine is the rate-limiting precursor of the amino acid Carnosine. What this means is that the more Beta-Alanine you ingest the more Carnosine your body can produce. Supplementation with Beta-Alanine has been shown to increase the concentration of Carnosine in muscles, decrease fatigue in athletes and increase total muscular work performed in one training session. (6)(9) A recent study by Dr. Hoffman and Colleagues recently examined stacking Creatine and Beta-Alanine together and the results were simply amazing. The study used 33 highly trained college football players and monitored their results for 10 weeks. Prior to and following the 10-week study, the researchers had the football players keep a log of their dietary intake, measured the athletes' body composition, body weight, one-repetition maximum in the bench press and squat. The football players who consumed creatine and beta-Alanine increased their 1 repetition max on the bench by roughly 25 pounds. Increases in one-rep squat max were even greater, in that the increase in their 1 repetition maximum was improved by nearly 50 pounds. The athletes also gained a significant amount of muscle mass and lost 1.2% of body fat. (10) Overall a very impressive study!


Citrulline Malate is a combination of two non-essential amino acids that play a role in nitrogen balance and metabolic processes. Citrulline Malate improves aerobic performance and capacity by influencing lactic acid metabolism and reducing fatigue. Citrulline Malate helps to reduce lactic acid during intense training. Lactic acid is one of the compounds that are responsible for the intense burn that you feel towards the end of a set. For most individuals, if the intense burn is buffered, they can usually get another repetition or two which can lead to more muscle mass when compounded over hundreds of workouts during a year of training. Citrulline Malate also has the ability to increase plasma levels of Arginine within the body which can also lead to an increase in Nitric Oxide, "NO" levels (7),(12). Citrulline has also shown to increase ATP (Andenosine Triphosphate), which is the major source of energy during exercise along with greater phosphocreatine recovery after exercise (3).


Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate is an advanced form of the amino acid Arginine used by bodybuilders and athletes to prolong the muscle pump, accelerate muscle growth, speed recovery and improve sexual performance. Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate is suitable for bodybuilders, athletes and regular gym users wanting to gain muscle size and strength, get a better muscle "pump" while working out, and improve sexual vigor. Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate works on many pathways within the body by stimulating the production of nitric oxide and insulin. Insulin is a very potent anabolic hormone, especially post workout. The anecdotal evidence reported from many satisfied gym users shows a clear increase in muscle pump, but what is more amazing is the possible strength increases associated with Arginine Alpha-Ketoglutarate. During an 8 week study, the group that received the AAKG increased their one repetition maximum on the bench press by an average of 19 pounds while the placebo group added only 5 pounds. (4) Who out there would like to add 19 pounds to their bench press?


Taurine is a conditionally essential amino acid and is the second most abundant amino in muscle tissue. Taurine has demonstrated muscle cell volumizing and insulin like effects, which can help to enhance protein synthesis and enhance glucose and amino acid metabolism. Taurine's powerful anti-catabolic effects have been well documented. Intense exercise and stress quickly deplete Taurine levels in the muscle. Therefore many researchers now believe that all high-intensity bodybuilders looking to maximize gains in strength and size should include Taurine in their daily supplement regimen. In one study a beverage containing Taurine, simple carbs and caffeine, just like in REPS increased endurance performance in humans (1). In REPS there is also 7 grams of Dextrose which will help in providing energy and keeping your blood sugar levels from dropping to low during physical exercise.

Caffeine has been around for a long time and helps to increase exercise performance, mental focus and provide a short term reduction of fatigue. One study looked at caffeine and its direct effect on the central nervous system and strength gains. In this recent study, 37 men were divided into a caffeine or placebo group. The caffeine group received a supplement that contained approximately 200 mg caffeine and the other group received a placebo. REPS also contains 200 mg of caffeine which is the perfect amount for most individuals. One hour after ingestion of the supplements, each individual was tested for their 1 repetition maximum on the bench press and their total repetitions. The caffeine group demonstrated an increase in maximal bench press strength compared to placebo, and also performed more repetitions using a sub-maximal load. This study shows that when caffeine in the amount of a small cup of coffee is ingested prior to exercise workout performance measured in strength and total lifting capacity are improved (2).

[REPS]

1). Amino Acids. 2001;20(1):75-82. The influence of a taurine containing drink on cardiac parameters before and after exercise measured by echocardiography. Baum M, Weiss M.

(2). Beck TW, Housh TJ, Schmidt RJ, Johnson GO, Housh DJ, Coburn JW, Malek MH. The acute effects of a caffeine-containing supplement on strength, muscular endurance, and anaerobic capabilities. J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Aug;20(3):506-10.

(3). Bendahan D, Mattei JP, Ghattas B, Confort-Gouny S, Le Guern ME, Cozzone PJ. Br J Sports Med. 2002 Aug;36(4):282-9

(4). Campbell B, Baer J, Roberts M, Vacanti T, Marcello B, Thomas A, Kerksick C, Wilborn, C, Rohle D, Taylor L, Rasmussen C, Greenwood M, Wilson R, Kreider R. Effects of arginine alpha-ketoglutarate supplementation on body composition and training adaptations. Sports Nutrition Review Journal 1 (1): S10, 2004

(5). Crusch, Milibeck, P.D., Chad, K.E., et al. Creatine supplementation combined with resistance training in older men. Med Sci Sports & Exercise, 2001, 33: 12, 2111-2117

(6). Derave W, Ozdemir MS, Harris R, Pottier A, Reyngoudt H, Koppo K, Wise JA, Achten E. (Aug 9). "Beta-alanine supplementation augments muscle carnosine content and attenuates fatigue during repeated isokinetic contraction bouts in trained sprinters". J Appl Physiol. PMID 17690198

(7). Dhanakoti, S. N. et al, Am. J. Physiol. 259:E437-E442, (1990)

(8). Gordon A, et al. Creatine supplementation in chronic heart failure increases skeletal muscle creatine phosphate and muscle performance. Cardiovascular Research, 1995. Vol. 30:3,413-418.

(9). Hill CA, Harris RC, Kim HJ, Harris BD, Sale C, Boobis LH, Kim CK, Wise JA. (2007). "Influence of beta-alanine supplementation on skeletal muscle carnosine concentrations and high intensity cycling capacity". Amino Acids 32 (2): 225-33. PMID 16868650.

(10). Hoffman et al. Effect of creatine and beta-alanine supplementation on performance and endocrine responses in strength/power athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2006 Aug;16(4):430-46.

(11). Kreider, R.B., Ferreira, M., Wilsoln, M., et al. Effects of creatine supplementation on body composition, strength, and sprint performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 1998, 30: 73-82.

(12). Schmidt, H.H.HW. et al, Cell 78:919-925, (1994)

(13). Stone, M.H., Sanborn, K., Smith, L.L., et al. Effects of in-season (5 weeks) creatine and pyruvate supplementation on anaerobic performance and body composition in American football players. Int J Sport Nutr, 1999, 9: 146-165.

(14). Urbanski, R.L., Vincent, W.J., Yuaspelkis, B.B. Creatine supplementation differentially affects maximal isometric strength and time to fatigue in large and small muscle groups. Int J Sport Nutr, 1999, 9: 136-145.

(15). Van Gammeren, D., Falk, D., and Antonio, J. The effects of four weeks of ribose supplementation on body composition and exercise performance in healthy, young, male recreational body builders: A double-blind, placebo controlled trial. Current Therapeutic Research, 2002, 63: 8, 486-495.

(16). Vandenberghe, K., Goris, M., Van Hecke, P, et al. Long-term creatine intake is beneficial to muscle performance during resistance training. J Appl Physiol, 1997, 83: 2055-2063.

(17). Volek, J.S., Kraemer, W.J., Bush, J.A., et al. Creatine supplementation enhances muscular performance during high intensity resistance exercise. J Am Diet Assoc, 1997, 97: 765-770.

(18). Tarnopolsky, M.A. Potential benefits of creatine monohydrate supplementation in the elderly. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 2000, 3: 6, 495-502.

[REPS]

Hear is the Label Information:

[REPS]

Hear is the Q&A for the product:


Questions and Answers

What will I notice when taking REPS?

You'll notice that you're able to train harder in the gym and play harder on the field. In the gym you will have the ability to get more reps with the same weight, add more sets, and experience less fatigue and lactic acid build up. You'll be able to train at a much higher intensity level. This will help lead to more muscle mass, increased strength, and less body fat with proper training program that includes optimal recovery.

What's the best way to take REPS?

For maximal results, take one serving 15-30 minutes prior to workout or sporting competition with 8-10 ounces of water. If you are training twice a day or lifting weights in the AM and training for your sport during the PM you can take one second serving before each event.

Could REPS be banned by an athletic organization?

It's likely that most high school, college and professional organizations that have stringent supplement policies in place would not allow this product. It is recommended that you check with your federation or responsible governing body regarding the use of this product prior to purchasing and incorporating into your performance enhancement nutritional regiment to be safe.

How long does it take to work?

Research suggests that maximal increases in performance will happen within 4 weeks for the majority of the ingredients. However, most athletes experience noticeable effects within the first 30 minutes of drinking.

What will REPS do for bodybuilders and weight trainers?

Bodybuilders will be able to train with a higher volume of work. Delaying fatigue with REPS is accomplished through the synergistic properties in the formula. They will essentially help you rep out more during each set or allow you to add more sets to your current program. The greater the training volume and intensity, "measured in percentage of 1RM" the greater the increase in muscle size you can experience.

I want to stack REPS with additional products. What should it be?

You could stack Supplement Direct's Micronized Creatine Monohydrate, at a dosage of 15 grams for the first 4 days if you want to include a loading phase for the creatine. This would increase your water retention in a faster period of time, but it is not truly needed as your system will be saturated with creatine at week 4 if you take the supplement as prescribed. Some individuals might also like to take an additional serving of Supplement Directs AAKG upon waking up or before going out on a date in order to have the appearance of a fuller look

Is there any need to cycle REPS?

At this current time there is no profound literature supporting the fact that any of the ingredients in REPS needs to be cycled. However many individuals do like to cycle their supplements for various personal reasons.

What are the possible side effects?

Supplementation with Beta-Alanine and Citrulline Malate in high doses can sometimes causes a harmless flushing or tingling effect on the skin. If this bothers you, you can reduce the dosage or split it up in two servings. You could take half of a serving 30 minutes prior to your workout and the other half of a serving during your workout.

[REPS]

Hear is a another good study to showcase other possible advantages to supplementing with Creatine. Everyone should know by now that creatine increases gains in lean body mass during resistance training, but no one knows exactly how it works! This study had men supplement with 15 g of creatine monohydrate or placebo each day for five days. This is a typical loading phase for creatine, but recent research shows that it is not truly needed in that your body will be saturated with creatine on a maintenance dose of 3-5 grams after 30 days. After ingestion of creatine, subjects performed the prescribed resistance exercise. Muscle was obtained from the leg using a biopsy needle before exercise, 3 hours later and 24 hours after exercise to measure the anabolic insulin-like growth factors (IGF). The researchers also looked at some of the important signaling proteins that they feel are involved in muscle hypertrophy. The study showed that after five days of creatine supplementation it increased muscle IGF-I at rest or before exercising. Creatine supplementation also improved the signaling proteins that stimulate muscle hypertrophy 24 hours after exercise. This study helped to provide some insights into the mechanism of various anabolic effects of creatine and suggest that increases of IGF-I may be involved.

Deldicque L, Louis M, Theisen D, et al. Increased IGF mRNA in human skeletal muscle after creatine supplementation. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 37(5)731-736, 2005.

[REPS]

Creatine can result in increased work capacity when supplemented correctly. Typical supplement protocols call for a loading dose of around about 20 grams per day for 5-7 days. Some studies have used as much as 30-40 grams with elite weight lifters divided into 6 to 8 dosages of 5 grams. These high doses require more effort on the part of the trainer, due to the fact that they have to remember to take 5 grams of creatine 6-8 separate times during the day. There is also another downside, in that the higher loading will cost the customer more than the maintenance dose due to the increase of total product consumed.

A study conducted in 2005 wanted to determine if a low-dose creatine supplementation could enhance performance with out a loading phase. This study had 40 subjects consume 6 grams of creatine in one single dosage or a placebo for the duration of the experiment (6 days). Before and after supplementation with creatine monohydrate the subjects performed three all-out cycling sprints which lasted 15 seconds in duration with one minute recovery between intervals. The 6 grams of creatine, without a loading phase resulted in a reduced fatigue rate among the subjects during interval training. This was determined by a decrease in the drop off in performance from intervals 1 through 3. The evidence that this study presented showcased that creatine loading with 20 grams per day may not be necessary for short-term performance results.

Many other studies have also done similar dosages, but increased the duration to 30 days in order to see if full creatine saturation within the muscle tissue could occur without the typical loading phase of creatine. While this study does not directly relate to workout performance in the gym, it does relate to athletes that need quick bouts of strength or torque for durations that do not last longer than 15 seconds. Hockey, football, and many other sports that require explosive movements should think about supplementing with creatine monohydrate. The loading parameters are also quite similar to that of conventional cardiovascular interval training. Since creatine supplementation results in an increase in total work capacity or volume, due to less drop off, it is likely that creatine supplementation when conducted with interval training can result in more total calories being burned in each training session. This, when compounded over multiple interval cardio sessions during a year could lead to impressive decreases in adipose tissue.

Hoffman JR, Stout JR, Falvo MJ, Kang J, Ratamess NA. Effect of low-dose, short-duration creatine supplementation on anaerobic exercise performance. J Strength Cond Res. 19(2):260-264, 2005.

[REPS]

During intense exercise in the gym, the body produces hydrogen ions. These hydrogen ions increase the acidity of working muscles. This increase in acidity or reduced pH level results in a increased burning sensation towards the end of a set. This burning sensation is commonly referred to as Lactic Acid in many sports and medically. Increased acidity also results in higher levels of fatigue, due to the fact that as Lactic Acid is produced your maximal strength decreases. For example, if you do 100 quick push-ups, rest one minuet and then try to knock out a single on the bench. Your new 1 RM will be much lower due to the lactic acid production during the push-ups. The body already has its own protective mechanisms to cope with the increase in acidity through various biochemical buffers. One way to improve work capacity is by improving the muscle's buffering capacity. One supplement that can do this is Beta-Alanine. Researches noticed the very positive results athletes encountered when supplementing with Beta-Alanine, so they thought that similar results might be possible in thoroughbred race horses. This study supplemented the race horses with the amino acids Beta-Alanine and L-Histidine, which are the precursors for Carnosine. Carnosine is another amino acid that has very important buffering capabilities inside the muscle.

This study supplemented thoroughbred horses with the amino acids Beta-Alanine and L-Histidine three separate times a day for 30 days and measured muscle Carnosine concentrations in the horses different muscle fiber types. Carnosine levels increased a whopping 27% in fast twitch IIA and 13% in fast twitch IIB muscle fibers. The increase in muscle Carnosine was correlated to the plasma levels of Beta-alanine. As you can see from the results, supplementation with Beta-Alanine and L-Histidine significantly increase muscle Carnosine levels, which can lead to an increased buffering capacity and thus an improved work capacity. As seen in many human studies, Beta-Alanine can significantly enhance high-intensity exercise like weightlifting by allowing a reduction in acidic muscle contraction byproducts. This can lead to an improved work capacity and a delay of fatigue by keeping the pH from dropping so low.

Dunnett M, Harris RC. Influence of oral beta-alanine and L-histidine supplementation on the carnosine content of the gluteus medius. Equine Vet J Suppl. 1999 Jul;30:499-504.

[REPS]

The goal of many wrestlers during a competitive season is to either maintain and stay in their weight class or lose weight and drop a weight class. Many wrestlers and bodybuilders know that it is near impossible to maintain strength levels that were gained in the pre-season or increase ones strenght while dieting. The purpose of the Colorado study was to examine the performance effects of 8 weeks of Beta-Alanine supplementation on Division II collegiate wrestlers during their competitive season.

25 college wrestlers whose age was between 18-22 years old volunteered to participate in the study. There were an additional 8 subjects with a mean BMI of 24.7 + or - 3.7 who also completed the study. Each participant in the study knowingly ingested 4 grams of Beta-Alanine each day during the eight weeks of their competitive season. The subjects followed a standard weight lifting training protocol that was designed by the head coach for collegiate wrestling. The participants were also required to maintain uniform body mass, as their respective weight bracket allowed. Before and after supplementation of Beta-Alanine, subjects performed one 400 meter sprint and a 90 degree flexed-arm hang to timed exhaustion. Prior to and following the 400 meter sprint subjects blood lactate levels were taken to determine lactate increase during the 400 m sprint.

The results of the study were very good, in that the subjects showed a significant decrease (p<0.01) in 400 meter sprint time (- 3.5 s + or - 2.4 s, mean SD). The subjects also gained a significant timed increase in their (p<0.01) 90 degree flexed-arm hang (+ 8.5 s + or - 8.35 s, mean SD). It was interesting in that no significant change (p>0.05) in blood lactate values were observed. This could be due to the buffering capacity of the Beta-Alanine supplementation or the fact that only one 400 meter sprint was conducted.

In conclusion, the results of the study suggest that supplementation of Beta-Alanine may improve exercise performance in wrestlers during a competitive season. However more research needs to be conducted as to the ergogenic effects of Beta-Alanine supplementation during a competitive wrestling season in placebo-controlled trials.

Kern BD, Robinson TL, Manninen AH. Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on exercise performance during a competitive wrestling season: A 8-week open label study. Physical Education Department, Center High School, 500 S. Broadway Center, Colorado 81125, USA.

[REPS]

Caffeine is one of if not the most studied dietary supplements to date. Many studies have shown that Caffeine provides performance improvements that can lead to an enhance exercise capacity. In this study, College-aged cross-country runners were used as test subjects. They performed two separate 30 minuet exercise bouts on a treadmill. The subjects ran at 70% of their maximum oxygen consumption. The first and second exercise sessions were separated by one a one week interval. On one of the 30 minuet exercise bouts subjects received 7mg of Caffeine per Kilogram of body weight one hour before exercise. On the other 30 minuet exercise bout subjects took an identical looking placebo pill. The order of supplement assignment was randomized to avoid any pitfalls.

As expected the caffeine trial resulted in lower ratings of perceived exertion compared to placebo. This means that the exercise test felt easier due to the Caffeine's effects. Caffeine supplementation also resulted in improved measures of respiratory efficiency. This means that the test subjects were able to achieve the same amount of oxygen uptake with fewer breaths taken in during a given time period. The improved oxygen uptake probably played some role in the reduced perception of effort.

Caffeine has been shown in other studies to affect the central nervous system and other physiological systems that allow for an improved work performance.

Burnbaum LJ, Herbst JD. Physiologic effects of caffeine on cross-country runners. J Strength Cond Res. 2004;18(3):463-465.

[Critical Mass]

Bro. I love Supplement Direct! You know what else I love?......... Firestone Grill. You know what I mean REPS!

[REPS]

Yea, I know what you mean! Small world, welcome to the neighborhood